The Science of 432Hz: A Natural Resonance
When we talk about the “tuning” of music, we are referring to the reference pitch used as a standard. For the last 80 years, that standard has been A=440Hz. But it wasn’t always this way.
The Historical Shift
In 1939, an international conference recommended that the A above middle C be tuned to 440 Hz. This became the ISO 16 standard in 1955. Before this, there was no single global standard, but many classical composers, including Verdi, advocated for a slightly lower pitch.